Scriptures · शास्त्र

Hindu Scripturesशास्त्र

Hinduism has no single holy book but a vast library of scriptures, from the Vedas, among the oldest texts in the world, to the epics, Puranas and the songs of the saints.

  • Guides7
  • CoversVedas to epics and philosophy
  • ReadLinked texts on this site
Image: Ms Sarah Welch, CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons

About

These guides give an overview of the main texts — what each contains, how it is organised and why it matters — and link to the texts you can read on The Hindu Book: the Bhagavad Gita, the Durga Saptashati from the Markandeya Purana, the Sundar Kand, the Vishnu Sahasranama, Vedic suktas and many stotras.

The two broad kinds are shruti, "what was heard" — the revealed Vedas and Upanishads — and smriti, "what is remembered" — the epics, Puranas, law books and devotional literature.

Guides to the scriptures

  1. The Four Vedas चार वेद

    Rig, Yajur, Sama and Atharva — the oldest scriptures of Hinduism

  2. The Upanishads उपनिषद्

    The philosophical heart of the Vedas — Brahman, Atman and liberation

  3. The 18 Puranas अष्टादश पुराण

    Stories of creation, the gods, the avatars and the great kings

  4. The Ramayana रामायण

    Valmiki's epic of Shri Rama in seven kandas

  5. The Mahabharata महाभारत

    Vyasa's great epic in eighteen parvas, containing the Bhagavad Gita

  6. The Six Darshanas षड्दर्शन

    The six classical schools of Hindu philosophy

  7. Shruti and Smriti श्रुति एवं स्मृति

    The two kinds of Hindu scripture — revealed and remembered

Frequently asked questions

What is the holy book of Hinduism?

There is no single book. The Vedas are the highest authority; the Bhagavad Gita is the most widely read; and the Ramayana, Mahabharata and Puranas are loved by all.

What is the oldest Hindu scripture?

The Rigveda.

Where should a beginner start?

With the Bhagavad Gita, which summarises the teachings of the Upanishads in 700 verses.