Yoga · योग

Yoga, Pranayama & Meditationयोग

Yoga is one of the six darshanas of Hindu philosophy — a complete path to a still, clear mind, of which postures and breathing are only the beginning.

  • SourcesYoga Sutras, Hatha Yoga Pradipika, Upanishads, Gita
  • Guides10
  • LevelBeginners
Image: Wise Droid, CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons

About

These guides follow the classical sources: Patanjali's Yoga Sutras for the eight limbs and meditation, the Hatha Yoga Pradipika for pranayama and Shavasana, the Upanishads for Om, and the Bhagavad Gita, whose sixth chapter teaches how to sit in meditation. Each gives the original verse in Sanskrit with its meaning, and simple steps to begin.

For Surya Namaskar, see the Swayamsevak Sadhana section. The practices here are general information, not medical advice: if you have a health condition or are pregnant, consult a doctor and learn from a qualified teacher.

Yoga, pranayama and meditation guides

  1. Ashtanga Yoga — the Eight Limbs अष्टाङ्ग योग

    Patanjali's eight steps from ethics to samadhi

  2. Yama and Niyama यम नियम

    The ten ethical foundations of yoga

  3. Pranayama प्राणायाम

    Breath regulation — the fourth limb of yoga

  4. Nadi Shodhana (Anulom Vilom) नाडी शोधन

    Alternate-nostril breathing for calm and balance

  5. Bhramari Pranayama भ्रामरी

    The humming bee breath for a quiet mind

  6. Kapalbhati कपालभाति

    The cleansing "skull-shining" breath — with cautions

  7. Ujjayi Pranayama उज्जायी

    The ocean breath — slow, steady and soothing

  8. Dhyana — How to Meditate ध्यान

    A simple, traditional way to begin meditation

  9. Om Chanting ॐ

    The sacred syllable and how to chant it

  10. Shavasana and Yoga Nidra शवासन

    Deep relaxation to close every practice

Frequently asked questions

What is yoga according to Patanjali?

"Yogas chitta vritti nirodhah" — the stilling of the movements of the mind (Yoga Sutra 1.2).

Where should a beginner start?

With a steady sitting posture, slow breathing (Nadi Shodhana), Om chanting and a few minutes of meditation each day — and the ethical foundations of yama and niyama.

Is yoga only exercise?

No. Asanas are one of eight limbs; the full path includes ethics, breath, concentration and meditation.

Do I need a teacher?

Simple practices can be begun alone, but pranayama with breath retention and advanced practices should be learned from a qualified teacher.