Bhagavad Gita · Chapter 13 · Kshetra Kshetrajna Vibhaga Yoga
Bhagavad Gita 13.23 उपद्रष्टानुमन्ता च भर्ता भोक्ता महेश्वरः
श्लोक 13.23
उपद्रष्टानुमन्ता च भर्ता भोक्ता महेश्वरः ।
परमात्मेति चाप्युक्तो देहेऽस्मिन्पुरुषः परः ॥
upadraṣṭānumantā ca bhartā bhoktā maheśvaraḥ |
paramātmeti cāpyukto dehe'sminpuruṣaḥ paraḥ ||
हिन्दी अर्थ
इस शरीर में स्थित परम पुरुष को साक्षी, अनुमति देने वाला, पालन करने वाला, भोगने वाला, महेश्वर और परमात्मा भी कहा जाता है।
Meaning in English
The supreme Purusha in this body is also called the witness, the one who permits, the sustainer, the experiencer, the great Lord and the Supreme Self (Paramatma).
Bhagavad Gita 13.23 — word by word
| Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| उपद्रष्टा | upadraṣṭā | the witness |
| अनुमन्ता | anumantā | the one who permits |
| च | ca | and |
| भर्ता | bhartā | the supporter |
| भोक्ता | bhoktā | the experiencer |
| महेश्वरः | maheśvaraḥ | the great Lord |
| परमात्मा | paramātmā | the supreme self |
| इति च अपि | iti ca api | and also thus |
| उक्तः | uktaḥ | is called |
| देहे अस्मिन् | dehe asmin | in this body |
| पुरुषः | puruṣaḥ | the spirit |
| परः | paraḥ | supreme |
Explanation
In this body the supreme spirit is called the witness, the one who consents, the supporter, the experiencer, the great Lord and the supreme self. These names describe the one divine presence within the body from different angles: watching, permitting, sustaining and ruling.
These titles describe one presence from different angles: it watches closely, approves, sustains, experiences and rules. Shankara takes them as describing the one self, which appears with these roles in relation to the body yet remains beyond it. Ramanuja and Madhva see the paramatman as the Lord dwelling in the body alongside the individual soul, guiding it, a picture they connect with the Upanishadic image of two birds on one tree.
भावार्थ
इस शरीर में स्थित परम पुरुष ही साक्षी, अनुमति देने वाला, धारण करने वाला, भोक्ता, महेश्वर और परमात्मा कहा गया है। वही भीतर बैठा सब देखता और सँभालता है। वह सदा साक्षी है।
Living it today
Imagine a calm witness within that sees everything you do. Acting as if that witness is watching often brings out your best.
Frequently asked questions
What is the meaning of Bhagavad Gita 13.23?
In this body the supreme spirit is called the witness, the one who consents, the supporter, the experiencer, the great Lord and the supreme self. These names describe the one divine presence within the body from different angles: watching, permitting, sustaining and ruling.
Who speaks Bhagavad Gita 13.23?
Sri Krishna speaks this verse, in Chapter 13 (Kshetra Kshetrajna Vibhaga Yoga) of the Bhagavad Gita.
How can I apply Bhagavad Gita 13.23 in daily life?
Imagine a calm witness within that sees everything you do. Acting as if that witness is watching often brings out your best.
Reflected on verse 13.23?
Light a diya, add a note, or share this verse.